Salient Points and Knowledge Check

Posting entries from the general journal to the general ledger groups transactions of similar nature into a single account. This effectively summarizes those transactions that lead to the determination of balances at the end of the period. The general ledger is the book of final entry where the initial recording phase ends and summarization begins.

Posting is a mechanical process, not requiring any analysis. Instead care and accuracy is important to ensure that the details of the journal entry is correctly posted to the general ledger, regardless of the entry’s correctness or propriety. Posting does not correct errors but could lead to errors.

In manual accounting systems, two common formats of the general ledger are used, the T-account format, and the 3-column format. Both formats have columns for debits and credits. In the T-column format, the columns are in opposite sides of the page; in the 3-column format, the debit and credit columns are placed side by side followed by a third column for the updated balance.

The posting process is usually done at the end of the accounting period, or as often as necessary and feasible. It involves transferring the amounts from the general journal exactly as it was originally recorded. Debit and credit amounts are posted to the appropriate columns in the general ledger. Other information such as date and reference numbers are also posted to the general ledger.

The balance of the account is the most important detail resulting from the posting process. It is the amount that is reported in the financial statements after any adjustment that may be necessary. The balance of an account is determined by comparing the total debits with the total debits. The difference is the balance of the account and whichever side has the bigger total determines whether the amount is a debit or a credit balance.

KNOWLEDGE CHECK

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